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Metrics & economics

LTV:CAC ratio

LTV:CAC compares customer lifetime value to acquisition cost. The conventional healthy floor is 3:1 on gross-margin LTV; below 1:1 every customer loses money.

— In practice

The ratio is directionally sound and easily gamed: LTV is a projection you control, and nudging the churn assumption makes any ratio achievable. Keep it honest by computing LTV on gross margin with realized cohort retention, and treat the ratio as a portfolio check while CAC payback — which uses only observed cash — governs month-to-month decisions.

Well above 5:1 usually signals under-investment in growth rather than brilliance: you could profitably acquire more customers than you currently are.

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